The shoulder offers the largest range of motion of any joint in the human body. If your shoulder stops functioning normally, it can prevent you from participating in overhead sports or work and, when more severe, can affect even normal activities such as combing your hair, putting on your shirt, turning on a light switch, or sleeping. There are a number of different medical conditions that can affect the shoulder and cause debilitating pain, loss of function, or both. For some types of shoulder problems, simple treatment options such as rest or physical therapy may be all that are needed to cure them. For other types of shoulder problems, various minimally invasive options may be recommended, and these range from sonography guided injections to arthroscopic “keyhole” surgeries.